The last three decades have witnessed an ongoing colonization of the night by human activity. As they cast off natural constraints, our cities are being remade, by ways of life which are ever more desynchronized, marked by a reduction in work time and by new technologies of lighting and communication.
More and more human activities are shifting towards the night, producing a new space of work and leisure. At its deepest levels, society is redefining its nycthemeral rhythns, its cycles of day and night. Crossing glances at the new faces of the night The night, in which key issues of economic, political, environmental and social importance are crystallized, is subject to ever-growing pressures. These examples show that solidarity and cooperation between stakeholders-both state and non-state as well as academia and civil society organisations-are more vital than ever. What these cities have in common is that many of their nighttime institutions were either created right before or in the context of the pandemic, or have been reconfigured to respond to the challenges and difficulties posed by the crisis. The chapter presents a step-by-step toolkit to establishing night governance, and case studies from five cities that have recently created their own institutions to govern life at night: Montreal, Helsinki, Tokyo, Vilnius and Melbourne. In some of the essays published here, authors go beyond this simple recognition of pluralism in order to theorize a “transversal” night, cutting across different publics and practices and resisting any sense of a singular “night world”.Ĭhapter five explores how the growing field of nighttime governance has not only become essential during the pandemic, but has also been accelerated, with many cities’ nightlife industries opening up new channels of communication with the government, thanks to a raised awareness of the high demand for leisure and culture, and their relevance as agents in the long-term recovery and reactivation of cities. It has become a cliché of night studies to note that there are “many nights”, defined, constructed and lived differently for a wide variety of reasons.
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A particular strength of this volume, we believe, is that it moves beyond the unitary focus on night-time culture and entertainment (what the English language calls “nightlife”) in order to examine the night-time work of scientific researchers or speak of citizen projects to install nocturnal gardens in cities. We are pleased to include texts offering the analysis of quantitative social data alongside others engaged in the aesthetic analysis of theatrical works, to set reflections on the African urban night market alongside a study of women’s night time safety in peripheral cities of France and Mexico.
The seventeen full-length articles gathered here represent a range of disciplines broader than is usual in the emerging field of “night studies”.
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From such a perspective, the night is simultaneously a matter, an infrastructure, an object, an environment, an ambiance and a generator of research. Finally, we will explore the possible contributions of a "night" turn for geography. In a second movement, we will analyse research on the night within the discipline and trace the emergence of an interdisciplinary field of research: "night stud-ies".
In this article, we will begin by tracing the pressures which act upon the night and have made it a present-day concern, a preoccupation of public policy and an object of research in geography and across the social sciences and humanities. This is both a reflection "on" the night, "with" and "through" geography and an interrogation of geography from the perspective of night. If this project seeks to map out the geographies of a particular astronomical moment in the 24-hour cycle, it also aims to reflect on the emergence of a specific branch of the discipline, one with its own concepts, methods and tools. This intervention invites us to explore "geographies of the night" at multiple levels, in different contexts and through different approaches.
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